diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 98a797c1..5829868d 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
   ([#269](https://github.com/microsoft/opentelemetry-distro-python/pull/269))
 
 ### Bugs Fixed
+- Handle activities without a recipient when extracting Agent365 tenant baggage.
 - Restore MOT version propagation after OneSettings initialization order caused the exporter version to take precedence over the Microsoft OpenTelemetry distro version
   ([#275](https://github.com/microsoft/opentelemetry-distro-python/pull/275))
 - Restrict A365 identity and baggage enrichment to recognized GenAI spans while preserving supported span-start signals. ([#265](https://github.com/microsoft/opentelemetry-distro-python/pull/265))
diff --git a/src/microsoft/opentelemetry/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/utils.py b/src/microsoft/opentelemetry/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/utils.py
index 87bd0ccb..aba2c4e5 100644
--- a/src/microsoft/opentelemetry/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/utils.py
+++ b/src/microsoft/opentelemetry/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/utils.py
@@ -92,7 +92,10 @@ def get_target_agent_pairs(activity: Activity) -> Iterator[tuple[str, Any]]:
 
 
 def get_tenant_id_pair(activity: Activity) -> Iterator[tuple[str, Any]]:
-    yield TENANT_ID_KEY, activity.recipient.tenant_id
+    rec = activity.recipient
+    if not rec:
+        return
+    yield TENANT_ID_KEY, rec.tenant_id
 
 
 def get_channel_pairs(activity: Activity) -> Iterator[tuple[str, Any]]:
diff --git a/tests/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/test_populate_baggage.py b/tests/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/test_populate_baggage.py
index d3ce5fc3..d3f1d031 100644
--- a/tests/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/test_populate_baggage.py
+++ b/tests/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/test_populate_baggage.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 from microsoft_agents.activity import Activity, ChannelAccount, ConversationAccount
 from microsoft_agents.hosting.core import TurnContext
-from microsoft.opentelemetry.a365.core.constants import USER_ID_KEY
+from microsoft.opentelemetry.a365.core.constants import TENANT_ID_KEY, USER_ID_KEY
 from microsoft.opentelemetry.a365.core.middleware.baggage_builder import BaggageBuilder
 from microsoft.opentelemetry.a365.hosting.scope_helpers.populate_baggage import populate
 
@@ -45,3 +45,16 @@ def test_populate():
     # Verify specific expected baggage keys were set
     assert USER_ID_KEY in builder._pairs
     assert builder._pairs[USER_ID_KEY] == "caller-id"
+
+
+def test_populate_without_recipient():
+    activity = Activity(
+        type="message",
+        from_property=ChannelAccount(aad_object_id="caller-id"),
+    )
+    turn_context = TurnContext(MagicMock(), activity)
+    builder = BaggageBuilder()
+
+    assert populate(builder, turn_context) is builder
+    assert builder._pairs[USER_ID_KEY] == "caller-id"
+    assert TENANT_ID_KEY not in builder._pairs
diff --git a/tests/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/test_scope_helper_utils.py b/tests/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/test_scope_helper_utils.py
index d4582aee..bfa31057 100644
--- a/tests/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/test_scope_helper_utils.py
+++ b/tests/a365/hosting/scope_helpers/test_scope_helper_utils.py
@@ -78,6 +78,18 @@ def test_get_tenant_id_pair():
     assert (TENANT_ID_KEY, "test-tenant-id") in result
 
 
+def test_get_tenant_id_pair_without_recipient():
+    activity = Activity(type="message")
+
+    assert not list(get_tenant_id_pair(activity))
+
+
+def test_get_tenant_id_pair_without_tenant_id():
+    activity = Activity(type="message", recipient=ChannelAccount())
+
+    assert list(get_tenant_id_pair(activity)) == [(TENANT_ID_KEY, None)]
+
+
 def test_get_channel_pairs():
     """Test get_channel_pairs extracts channel metadata."""
     activity = Activity(type="message", channel_id="test-channel")
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index b1bf95d5..6f408cbb 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -3316,11 +3316,11 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "oauthlib"
-version = "3.3.1"
+version = "4.0.0"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
-sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0b/5f/19930f824ffeb0ad4372da4812c50edbd1434f678c90c2733e1188edfc63/oauthlib-3.3.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:0f0f8aa759826a193cf66c12ea1af1637f87b9b4622d46e866952bb022e538c9", size = 185918, upload-time = "2025-06-19T22:48:08.269Z" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7a/d8/a1bcc8ba112a627f8ffbdc212a78ce18d3ac07e91a5ca65d27918eee25a1/oauthlib-4.0.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:efb274799819440f95b4ab3b818869f1ce9ae26c5beacba0201d1a1b76b54f86", size = 187232, upload-time = "2026-09-28T06:01:18.77Z" }
 wheels = [
-    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/be/9c/92789c596b8df838baa98fa71844d84283302f7604ed565dafe5a6b5041a/oauthlib-3.3.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:88119c938d2b8fb88561af5f6ee0eec8cc8d552b7bb1f712743136eb7523b7a1", size = 160065, upload-time = "2025-06-19T22:48:06.508Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d9/f4/78229a1066068ca14fc60fb26cf7381cabe4382261392b90e5f9552722d4/oauthlib-4.0.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:624c28c13a0a59cabf9747dfa52af63be3e512a7f2714df16e91b5b3a145e6cd", size = 159715, upload-time = "2026-09-28T06:01:17.008Z" },
 ]
 
 [[package]]