diff --git a/src/CompilerBase.php b/src/CompilerBase.php
index db84d361..78a23a9d 100644
--- a/src/CompilerBase.php
+++ b/src/CompilerBase.php
@@ -2413,9 +2413,21 @@ protected function resolveCalledFunctionDef(NodeAbstract $expr): ?FunctionDef
 
     protected function parseEcho(mixed $v): string
     {
+        // PHP prints each operand before it evaluates the next one. A nested
+        // call inside an operand may be materialized into a pre-statement
+        // temporary; keep those lines next to the operand they belong to,
+        // otherwise they all run (and may throw) before the first operand
+        // has been printed.
         $lines = [];
         foreach ($v->exprs as $expr) {
-            $lines[] = 'php::echo(' . $this->parseExprToString($expr) . ');';
+            $beforeCount = count($this->context->beforeStmtLines);
+            $afterCount = count($this->context->afterStmtLines);
+            $value = $this->parseExprToString($expr);
+            $before = array_slice($this->context->beforeStmtLines, $beforeCount);
+            $after = array_slice($this->context->afterStmtLines, $afterCount);
+            $this->context->beforeStmtLines = array_slice($this->context->beforeStmtLines, 0, $beforeCount);
+            $this->context->afterStmtLines = array_slice($this->context->afterStmtLines, 0, $afterCount);
+            array_push($lines, ...$before, ...['php::echo(' . $value . ');'], ...$after);
         }
 
         return implode("\n" . $this->getIndent(), $lines);
diff --git a/src/Parser/ArrayExpressionTrait.php b/src/Parser/ArrayExpressionTrait.php
index 27a63f29..b45e7016 100644
--- a/src/Parser/ArrayExpressionTrait.php
+++ b/src/Parser/ArrayExpressionTrait.php
@@ -298,6 +298,16 @@ private function parseArrayMixed(Expr\Array_ $node): string
 
         $items = $node->items;
         foreach ($items as $item) {
+            // PHP evaluates a key before its value. A side-effecting key must
+            // be materialized first: the value may hoist a nested call into
+            // a pre-statement temporary, which would otherwise run before an
+            // inline key expression.
+            $orderedKey = null;
+            if ($item->key && !$item->unpack && $this->shouldMaterializeOrderedOperand($item->key)) {
+                $this->assertExprCanBeUsedAsValue($item->key, 'array key');
+                $this->assertNotNativeObjectArrayKey($item->key);
+                $orderedKey = $this->parseOrderedOperand($item->key, false, true);
+            }
             $this->assertExprCanBeUsedAsValue($item->value, $item->unpack ? 'array unpack value' : 'array value');
             if ($item->byRef) {
                 if ($item->unpack) {
@@ -314,7 +324,7 @@ private function parseArrayMixed(Expr\Array_ $node): string
                 $this->context->beforeStmtLines[] = $this->getIndent() . $tmpVar . '.merge(' . $value . ');';
             } elseif ($item->key) {
                 $this->assertExprCanBeUsedAsValue($item->key, 'array key');
-                $key = $this->parseArrayKey($item->key);
+                $key = $orderedKey ?? $this->parseArrayKey($item->key);
                 $method = $item->byRef ? 'set' : 'setValue';
                 $this->context->beforeStmtLines[] = $this->getIndent() . $tmpVar . '.' . $method . '(' . $key . ', ' . $value . ');';
             } else {
diff --git a/tests/compiler/array/array-key-evaluation-order.phpt b/tests/compiler/array/array-key-evaluation-order.phpt
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..c057ee30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/compiler/array/array-key-evaluation-order.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+--TEST--
+An array literal evaluates a side-effecting key before its value, also when the value nests a call
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function f(string $s): string { echo "[$s]"; return $s; }
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    $a = [f("k1") => strtoupper(f("v1")), f("k2") => f("v2")];
+    echo "\n", json_encode($a), "\n";
+    $b = [f("x") => str_repeat(f("y"), 2), ...[f("z")]];
+    echo "\n", json_encode($b), "\n";
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+[k1][v1][k2][v2]
+{"k1":"V1","k2":"v2"}
+[x][y][z]
+{"x":"yy","0":"z"}
diff --git a/tests/compiler/basic/echo-operand-order.phpt b/tests/compiler/basic/echo-operand-order.phpt
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..36486c33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/compiler/basic/echo-operand-order.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+--TEST--
+echo prints each operand before evaluating the next, also when an operand nests a call
+--FILE--
+<?php
+function f(string $s): string { echo "[f:$s]"; return $s; }
+function boom(): string { throw new RuntimeException('boom'); }
+
+function main(): void
+{
+    echo "A", var_export(f("1"), true), "\n";
+    echo "B", strtoupper(f("2")), "\n";
+    echo "C", str_repeat(f("3"), 2), "\n";
+    $g = fn() => f("4");
+    echo "D", var_export($g(), true), "\n";
+    try {
+        echo "E-", var_export(boom(), true), "\n";
+    } catch (RuntimeException $e) {
+        echo "| caught ", $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+    }
+}
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+A[f:1]'1'
+B[f:2]2
+C[f:3]33
+D[f:4]'4'
+E-| caught boom