ci(vcpkg): Repair the vcpkg CI path and move the binary cache to GitHub Packages - #2542

Node.js 20 is deprecated. The following actions target Node.js 20 but are being forced to run on Node.js 24: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@0b201ec74fa43914dc39ae48a89fd1d8cb592756. For more information see: https://github.blog/changelog/2025-09-19-deprecation-of-node-20-on-github-actions-runners/

'>': signed/unsigned mismatch

'>': signed/unsigned mismatch

operands are different enum types 'SBServerListState' and 'SBState'; use an explicit cast to silence this warning

operands are different enum types '_GPIBool' and '_GPEnum'; use an explicit cast to silence this warning

operands are different enum types '_GPIBool' and '_GPEnum'; use an explicit cast to silence this warning

'<': signed/unsigned mismatch

'<': signed/unsigned mismatch

calling _set_se_translator() requires /EHa

'<=': signed/unsigned mismatch