[PM-41871] Add Chrome extension beta to allowed passkey origins

[trmartin4]

🎟️ Tracking

https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/browse/PM-41871

📔 Objective

Adds the extension URL to the allowed origins for our Chrome store beta extension.

This will be used in the extension beta release being designed in bitwarden/clients#22191.

The extension identifier was pulled from https://chromewebstore.google.com/detail/bitwarden-password-manage/hccnnhgbibccigepcmlgppchkpfdophk.

[github-actions]

🤖 Bitwarden Claude Code Review

Overall Assessment: APPROVE

This PR adds a single constant (Constants.BrowserExtensions.ChromeBetaId) for the Chrome Web Store beta extension and includes it in the default FIDO2/WebAuthn allowed origins set in AddWebAuthn. The change follows the existing pattern for the Chrome, Edge, and Opera extension IDs, and the new origin only applies when GlobalSettings.Fido2.Origins is not configured, so self-hosted overrides are unaffected. This is a trust-boundary addition, but the extension ID's provenance is documented in the PR description with a link to the Chrome Web Store listing. No correctness, security, or breaking-change issues found.

Code Review Details

No findings.

[trmartin4]

Tagging team-auth-dev here because this affects passkey login, even though Auth doesn't technically own this file.

For context, see https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/~629553291648f20069618438/pages/3159064588/Beta+releases+at+Bitwarden (internal).

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 63.19%. Comparing base (643e3aa) to head (be7480c).

❗ There is a different number of reports uploaded between BASE (643e3aa) and HEAD (be7480c). Click for more details.

HEAD has 1 upload less than BASE

Flag	BASE (643e3aa)	HEAD (be7480c)
	2	1

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #8197      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   68.41%   63.19%   -5.22%     
==========================================
  Files        2380     2380              
  Lines      103679   103680       +1     
  Branches     9386     9386              
==========================================
- Hits        70931    65525    -5406     
- Misses      30420    35926    +5506     
+ Partials     2328     2229      -99     

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[ike-kottlowski]

Addition of the Beta builds origin allows passkeys to be used in the upcoming beta releases.