feat: scaffold orcapod-python-types repo with CI and PyPI publish workflow

[kurodo3]

Summary

Sets up nauticalab/orcapod-python-types as a structural mirror of nauticalab/orcapod-python:

• Python package scaffolding: pyproject.toml (hatchling + hatch-vcs), src/orcapod_types/, tests/
• CI: lint (ruff) + type-check (basedpyright) + test (pytest) on Python 3.11 + 3.12
• Release: workflow_dispatch → validate → test → build → publish-testpypi → publish-pypi via OIDC + Linear sync
• Repo hygiene: CODEOWNERS, dependabot (GitHub Actions weekly), codecov
• Design spec + implementation plan committed to docs/metamorphic/

Closes ITL-559

Manual steps required after merge

1. Create GitHub environments (GitHub Settings → Environments) — required for OIDC to work:

   • testpypi — OIDC publishing to test.pypi.org
   • pypi — OIDC publishing to pypi.org

2. Verify CODEOWNERS team — confirm @nauticalab/nauticalab resolves to the intended team, update if needed

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