sqlite: use cached strings for property keys

[kyungrae2002]

Use strings cached in Environment when accessing commonly used node:sqlite property keys.
Replace FIXED_ONE_BYTE_STRING() calls in the SQLite bindings with the corresponding strings cached by Environment.

This avoids creating the same V8 strings at each call site and makes the SQLite binding consistent with other Node.js core modules that use Environment string getters.

No intended behavioral changes.

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/sqlite

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 33.33333% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 90.37%. Comparing base (66f26d3) to head (bcae997).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/node_sqlite.cc	33.33%	0 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #65902      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   90.38%   90.37%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         790      790              
  Lines      274497   274488       -9     
  Branches    52557    52559       +2     
==========================================
- Hits       248100   248076      -24     
  Misses      16879    16879              
- Partials     9518     9533      +15     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_sqlite.cc	81.92% <33.33%> (-0.08%)	⬇️

... and 27 files with indirect coverage changes

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[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/77908/

[github-actions]

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