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fix(transcode): route custom verbs after a path variable - #139

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@polaz polaz commented Oct 7, 2026 •

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Summary

  • A google.api.http template whose last segment is a variable followed by a custom verb (post: "/v2/ops/{operation}:cancel", AIP-136) is served instead of panicking the router at startup.
  • Bindings that differ only by verb reach their own RPCs; a template the router cannot match is skipped with an error in the log instead of a panic.
  • The repository gains a contributing guide, a security policy and the organisation CLA note.

Changes

  • transcode/path.rs: template conversion moves here; a verb after a variable or wildcard is split off the mounted path, a verb after a literal stays in it. Templates are checked with matchit (the router axum uses) before registration.
  • transcode/table.rs: bindings of one path shape share one route, each with its own capture names. A request's verb is its last segment from the first unencoded : (neither a variable's value nor a verb holds one, google/api/http.proto). A verb some binding of the path binds owns the URL and only its bindings answer (escapes compared case-insensitively); an unbound verb stays part of the last variable, as in Envoy and grpc-gateway. A template ending in a literal keeps its exact URL. Verbs, and the bindings without one, are indexed across route shapes, so neither is hidden by a better-ranked path; an encoded verb is taken off the decoded value, and ** before a verb may match no segment. A URL no binding answers is no route of the proxy: 404, or the fallback's, chosen before the transcoded guards; one answered for other methods is 405 with them in Allow. The body is not read before that decision.
  • transcode/mod.rs: one dispatcher per route replaces the per-method router; route_paths lists each route as mounted (a path with verbs as *, since it answers every method) and both sides of a real clash (one method or a * rule, one verb), so ProxyServer refuses such a clash, or an extra route on a path with verbs, at startup.
  • A variable bound to a multi-segment template ({name=shelves/*/books/*}) takes only a value of that shape: at the end of a path it is checked past the router's catch-all, before it the template is written into the router path segment by segment; ** before the last segment is left out with an error. A variable over several segments, {name=**} included, keeps %2F encoded in its value (google/api/http.proto); a route with more variables than the router holds is refused rather than panicking it.
  • Guards take the methods of the transcoded bindings directly, a custom * rule letting a scope name any method, and OpenAPI documents only the routes the router mounts.
  • Allow on a 405 is now GET, HEAD style on every transcoded path.
  • README documents custom verbs; ProxyService::with_fallback hands it a URL whose path a transcoded route matches but no binding answers.
  • CONTRIBUTING.md, SECURITY.md, CLA line in the README license section; two broken private rustdoc links fixed.

Testing

Formatting, clippy and nextest for the default, no-backend and all-features builds, doc tests and rustdoc with warnings denied pass locally on macOS; CI runs the full matrix including musl and MSRV.

Closes #138

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Priority: ➖ Normal

Change: Bug fix

Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to b9103

This change adds routing for custom verbs after a path variable. No outstanding merge-blocking problem was identified in the supplied material, but the tests have not been run in this review.

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1

❌ Failed checks (1 warning)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Out of Scope Changes check ⚠️ Warning The routing implementation, tests, route validation, OpenAPI filtering, guard handling, and custom-verb documentation support issue #138. CONTRIBUTING.md, SECURITY.md, and the README CLA notice ad… Remove the general contributor, security, and CLA changes, and the unrelated src/client_address.rs documentation change, or move them to separate pull requests.
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Issue #138 requirements are met. The routing changes split trailing custom verbs from final variable or wildcard segments and dispatch bindings by verb and method. Tests cover variable, multi-segment,…
Docstring Coverage ✅ Passed Docstring coverage is 89.72% which is sufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 107 functions across 10 files. (1 skipped: …
Title check ✅ Passed The title clearly and concisely describes the primary change: routing custom verbs that follow a path variable.
Description check ✅ Passed The description is directly related to the changeset and explains custom-verb routing, path handling, testing, and supporting documentation changes.
Full details: Out of Scope Changes check

Explanation

The routing implementation, tests, route validation, OpenAPI filtering, guard handling, and custom-verb documentation support issue #138. CONTRIBUTING.md, SECURITY.md, and the README CLA notice add general project policy. The src/client_address.rs rustdoc change is unrelated to custom-verb routing. These changes have no demonstrated connection to issue #138.

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Review comments at @src/transcode/table.rs:
- Around line 239-367: Update Routes::answer to continue checking lower-ranked
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Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs
polaz added 7 commits October 7, 2026 23:00
A google.api.http template whose last segment is a variable followed by a
custom verb panics the router at registration. The tests cover a verb
after a variable, after a multi-segment field template and after a
literal, each with requests that must match and must not, two bindings
that differ only by verb, and a template the router cannot serve.

Part of #138
A google.api.http template whose last segment is a variable followed by a
custom verb (`/v2/ops/{operation}:cancel`, AIP-136 custom methods) panicked
the router at registration: axum's matchit cannot match text after a
capture, so the whole REST router failed to start.

- The verb after a variable or wildcard is split off the template and
  matched by the transcoded router on the received (still encoded) path,
  so `%3A` stays data. A verb after a literal stays part of that literal.
- Bindings are grouped by path shape into one route each, whatever their
  capture names; every binding gets its variables under its own names.
  This also fixes the same panic for `/v1/{a}` and `/v1/{b}` bound to
  different methods.
- One dispatcher per route chooses the binding by method and verb before
  the body is read: the longest matching verb wins over a binding without
  one, a URL no verb matches is 404, a matching URL with another method is
  405 with the answering methods in Allow.
- A template the router cannot match is skipped with an error in the log,
  checked with the router axum uses, instead of panicking.
- route_paths lists bindings that differ only by verb once, and a repeated
  method, path and verb as a duplicate.

Closes #138
The repository had no contributing guide or security policy. CONTRIBUTING
lists the checks CI runs for every crypto backend and the organisation
CLA; SECURITY points to private vulnerability reporting; the README
license section links both.
A request's custom verb is its last segment from the first unencoded `:`:
a client percent-encodes the reserved characters of a variable's value and
a template writes the reserved characters of a verb encoded too
(google/api/http.proto), so neither holds a raw colon. Verbs are compared
whole instead of as path suffixes, so `x:b:c` is the verb `:b:c`, not the
variable `x:b` with `:c`.

- A verb some binding of the request's path binds owns that URL: only its
  bindings answer, 405 with their methods otherwise. A verb none binds
  stays part of the last variable, as Envoy and grpc-gateway treat it.
- Verbs are indexed across route shapes, so a verb bound on a path the
  router ranks below another match (a static prefix) is still found, with
  the variables of its own path.
- A verb written percent-encoded in the template is taken off the
  decoded variable in decoded form.
- `**` before a verb may match no segment.
- route_paths lists each route as it is mounted: a `*` rule with a verb no
  longer collides with another verb on its path.

Regression tests cover each case and failed on the previous routing.

Closes #138
- Percent-escapes in a verb are compared case-insensitively on their hex
  digits (RFC 3986 6.2.2.1): `:run%3anow` matches a binding written
  `:run%3Anow`.
- A path ending in a literal that the router matched answers its URL, so
  `/v1/jobs/special:cancel` is not taken over by `{name}:cancel`.
- Bindings without a verb are found on the best path that has some: a
  path with only verb bindings no longer hides a less specific plain
  route (`GET /v1/jobs/x` reaches `/v1/{path=**}` beside
  `/v1/jobs/{id}:cancel`).
- route_paths lists a path with a verb after its variable as `*`: it
  answers every method, so an extra route on that path is a startup error
  instead of taking a bound verb's URL past it (or panicking the merge
  when its variable is named differently).

Regression tests cover each case and failed before the fix.
- A variable bound to a multi-segment template at the end of a path
  (`{name=publishers/*/books/*}`) is mounted as a catch-all; its value
  is now checked against the template (literals, one segment per `*`,
  any number for `**`), so `/v1/anything/else:restore` no longer reaches
  the RPC. Bindings of one path with different templates both mount.
- Guards learn the methods of the transcoded bindings directly: a path
  with verbs is reserved as `*`, which hid an extension method such as
  PROPFIND from scope validation.
- OpenAPI leaves out a template the router cannot mount, as the router
  does, instead of documenting a URL that is always 404.

Regression tests cover each case and failed before the fix.
…ames

- When the best-ranked path's field template refuses a request's value,
  the next path the request matches answers it, in the router's ranking:
  `/v1/books/ordinary/x` reaches `/v1/{path=**}` beside
  `/v1/books/{name=special/*}`, with or without a verb.
- A bare `*` or `**` binds no field (google/api/http.proto); the name the
  router gives it is dropped before the request message is built, so a
  field that happens to share it is not overwritten.

Regression tests cover both cases and failed before the fix.
…lacks

When the best-ranked path answers a URL only for other methods, the next
path the request matches is tried for the request's method, as a
transcoder matching the method first does; the best-ranked 405 stands
when none answers. A POST of /v1/books/special/x reaches POST
/v1/{path=**} beside GET /v1/books/{name=special/*}.

The regression test failed before the fix.

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Comment thread src/transcode/mod.rs
The axum route future empties the body of every HEAD response, including
those of routes registered with any(), so a HEAD a GET binding serves has
no body; tests/custom_verbs.rs covers it through ProxyService.
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Comment thread src/transcode/path.rs
Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs Outdated
- A multi-segment field template before the last segment
  (`/v1/{parent=publishers/*}/books/{id}:cancel`) used to collapse to one
  unconstrained segment, so `/v1/anything/books/x:cancel` reached the RPC
  while the intended URL did not. Its literals are now literal segments of
  the router path and each `*` a capture of its own, from which the field
  is put back together (`parent = publishers/p1`). A `**` there has no
  faithful form: such a binding is left out with an error, and OpenAPI
  leaves it out too.
- Field templates that differ only in the case of a percent-escape are
  one template when bindings are checked for duplicates.

Regression tests cover both cases and failed before the fix.

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Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs
Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs Outdated
Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs Outdated
- Percent-decode the literals of a field template written into the
  path, as the captures are: `{parent=publishers/foo%3Abar/*}` binds
  `publishers/foo:bar/p1`, as it does at the end of a path.
- Name bare wildcards by their segment index alone (`{2}`, `{*3}`): a
  name starting with a digit is never a field path, so a field declared
  as `{wildcard2}` next to a `*` is no longer removed with it.
- Take every capture of a shared route out before the binding's fields
  go back in, so a composite field named like another binding's capture
  is not renamed away.

Regression tests cover each case.

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Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs
Comment thread src/transcode/path.rs
Comment thread src/transcode/path.rs
- A variable matching several segments (`{name=**}`, a field template,
  or one spelled out before the last segment) keeps `%2F` as received
  and decodes every other escape, as google/api/http.proto asks; its
  captures are decoded from the request's path, since the router
  decodes them all. A one-segment variable still decodes `%2F`.
- Refuse a route with more than 25 variables before the last instead of
  letting the router panic at startup on a 26th.
- Check that a variable is a whole segment ourselves rather than rely on
  the router to reject text around one.

Regression tests cover the decoding and the variable limit.

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Comment thread src/transcode/path.rs
Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs Outdated
Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs Outdated
- An escaped literal of a field template spelled out before the last
  segment is mounted as a capture and compared with escapes in upper
  case, so `foo%3abar` reaches the binding of `foo%3Abar` (RFC 3986
  6.2.2.1); two templates differing only in such a literal both serve.
- Take a verb off a multi-segment value decoded as that value is, `%2F`
  kept, so `{name=**}:run%2Fnow` binds `name` without its verb.
- Rank the fallback candidates with one router, removing each tried
  path, instead of rebuilding the router after every rejection.

Regression tests cover the literal matching and the verb.

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Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs Outdated
Comment thread src/transcode/path.rs
Comment thread src/transcode/path.rs Outdated
- A field template of one segment (`{name=foo%2Fbar}`) is a variable of
  one segment and is decoded in full, `%2F` included, whether the router
  holds it as a catch-all or it is spelled out before the last segment
  (google/api/http.proto).
- Take a verb with a kept `%2F` off a multi-segment value whatever the
  case of the escape, as the verb was already matched.
- Refuse a field template that nests a variable (`{parent=a/{id}}`)
  instead of mounting the nested one as a capture of its own.

Regression tests cover each case.

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Review comments at @tests/custom_verbs.rs:
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Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs Outdated
polaz added 2 commits October 8, 2026 22:14
A path ending in a literal matched exactly kept the URL even when none
of its bindings fit it, which an escaped literal of a field template,
mounted as a capture, makes possible: the request got 404 although a
lower-ranked path answered it. Such a path now answers only when one of
its bindings fits; a 405 it gives still stands.

Regression test covers the fallback.
A literal of a field template spelled out before the last segment that
holds a percent-escape is mounted as a capture, so it cannot share its
position with another binding's catch-all; the later one is left out
with an error.

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Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs
Comment thread src/transcode/path.rs
- Of the bindings sharing one router path, those an escaped literal or
  a field template constrains are tried before the open ones, so an
  open binding declared first no longer takes the values a constrained
  one claims.
- Refuse a field template that puts another segment after `**`: it
  must be the last part of the path (google/api/http.proto), and
  matching several of them tried every split of the request path.

Regression tests cover both.

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Comment thread src/openapi.rs Outdated
Comment thread src/transcode/path.rs Outdated
- OpenAPI now leaves out a route the router refuses beside the ones
  before it, as the transcoded routes do, not only a template it cannot
  match on its own; both share one rule for which paths are kept.
- An escaped literal of a field template spelled out before the last
  segment is taken from the request, decoded as the variable is, so a
  kept `%2F` reaches the field in the case it was sent.

Regression tests cover both.

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Comment thread src/transcode/table.rs
Comment thread src/transcode/mod.rs
polaz added 2 commits October 9, 2026 00:16
A `custom` `*` rule, like the verify endpoint, answers every method,
yet a guard scope naming an extension method only such a route answers
was refused as naming a method no route answers. The routes now report
whether one of them answers every method, and a scope accepts any
method then.

Regression test covers a scope naming PROPFIND beside a `*` rule.
A transcoded route matches by path, yet its field template or custom
verb may not take the URL. Such a request is no route of the proxy: the
binding is now chosen before the transcoded guards, and a URL no binding
answers comes back marked unrouted, which `with_fallback` hands to the
fallback through its own guards (the client address is already
resolved). Without a fallback it stays a plain 404; a URL answered for
other methods is still a 405, and the choice is made once, before the
guards, for the handler too.

Regression test covers a template miss and a verb miss reaching the
fallback, the 405 and a matching binding.

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Comment thread src/lib.rs
Comment thread src/transcode/mod.rs
Comment thread src/lib.rs
@polaz

polaz commented Oct 9, 2026

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Superseded by a squashed PR with the same final change (one commit on top of main).

@polaz polaz closed this Oct 9, 2026
polaz added a commit that referenced this pull request Oct 9, 2026
## Summary
- A `google.api.http` template whose last segment is a variable followed
by a custom verb (`post: "/v2/ops/{operation}:cancel"`, AIP-136) is
served instead of panicking the router at startup.
- Bindings that differ only by verb reach their own RPCs; a template the
router cannot match is skipped with an error in the log instead of a
panic.
- The request path of the proxy service does no work per request that
can be done once: a 405 through it costs about a third of what it did, a
transcoded call a little over half, and the number of routes does not
change either.
- The repository gains a contributing guide, a security policy and the
organisation CLA note.

Replaces #141 (and #139 before it), squashed into one commit on top of
`main`.

## Changes
- `transcode/path.rs`: template conversion moves here; a verb after a
variable or wildcard is split off the mounted path, a verb after a
literal stays in it. A template of one segment (`{name=foo}`) is a plain
capture; a trailing `**`, alone or ending a field template, may match no
segment before a verb. Templates are checked with matchit (the router
axum uses) before registration.
- `transcode/table.rs`: bindings of one path shape share one route, each
with its own capture names. A request's verb is its last segment from
the first unencoded `:` (neither a variable's value nor a verb holds
one, google/api/http.proto). A verb some binding of the path binds owns
the URL and only its bindings answer (escapes compared
case-insensitively); an unbound verb stays part of the last variable, as
in Envoy and grpc-gateway. A template ending in a literal keeps its
exact URL. Verbs, and the bindings without one, are indexed in a segment
trie that ranks paths as matchit does, so neither is hidden by a
better-ranked path and the work per request is bounded by its path; an
encoded verb is taken off the decoded value. A URL no binding answers is
no transcoded request and goes to the proxy's other routes, then to the
fallback (or 404), preflight included; one answered for other methods is
405 with them in `Allow`. The body is not read before that decision.
- The transcoded paths are ranked among the paths of every other route
as one router would: a request goes to its best match, and one a binding
refuses passes on in that order, so another route ranked before a lower
transcoded path takes it. A transcoded HEAD binding answers HEAD before
another route's GET there, and `Allow` on a 405 lists the methods of the
other routes at the path that answered too. The proxy service serves
them past the router, behind the same layers and guards; `router()`
keeps them in an axum router for embedding, choosing the binding after
it routes. Captures are told from those of a prefix the router is nested
under by position.
- `transcode/mod.rs`: one dispatcher per route replaces the per-method
router; path parameters are borrowed rather than copied; `route_paths`
lists each route the router mounts, under the spelling it is mounted
with (a path with verbs as `*`, since it answers every method), and both
sides of a real clash (one method or a `*` rule, one verb), so
`ProxyServer` refuses such a clash, an extra route on a path with verbs,
or paths the router cannot hold together, at startup instead of
panicking. Extra routes of a method the router skips, and transcoded
routes it does not mount, reserve no path and lend no method to guard
scopes.
- A variable bound to a multi-segment template
(`{name=shelves/*/books/*}`) takes only a value of that shape: at the
end of a path it is checked past the router's catch-all, before it the
template is written into the router path segment by segment; `**` before
the last segment is left out with an error. A variable over several
segments, `{name=**}` included, keeps `%2F` encoded in its value
(google/api/http.proto); a route with more variables than the router
holds is refused rather than panicking it.
- Layers: tracing, CORS and the client-address resolution wrap a route
as one stack; the guards decided as a request arrives (a required client
address, maintenance, concurrency, rate limits keyed before auth) run as
one layer. CORS is the proxy's own, with its header values built at
startup; only a real preflight (Fetch §3.2.2, with
`Access-Control-Request-Method`) is answered by it, for REST and
gRPC-Web alike, and for every origin it names back the request headers
asked for, since `*` does not cover `Authorization`. Tracing wraps CORS,
so a preflight is traced. A transcoded answer served past the router
carries no `Content-Length` on a 204, a 304 or a 2xx CONNECT answer,
which has no content either (RFC 9110 §8.6, §9.3.6).
- Rate limits key and report a limit without allocating; trace ids are
drawn from a per-thread generator seeded once rather than a system call
per request; the forwarded header names are parsed once
(`TranscodeState::forwarded_header_names`, a provided method).
- Guards take the methods of the transcoded bindings directly; a route
answering every method (a `custom` `*` rule, the verify endpoint) lets a
scope over its own traffic name any method. OpenAPI documents only the
routes the router mounts.
- README documents custom verbs and the permissive CORS policy;
`ProxyService::with_fallback` hands it a URL whose path a transcoded
route matches but no binding answers.
- CI pulls its Redis service through Google's Docker Hub mirror and runs
the released cargo-deny binary, not its Docker action: anonymous Docker
Hub pulls on shared runners hit its rate limit.
- `CONTRIBUTING.md`, `SECURITY.md`, CLA line in the README license
section; two broken private rustdoc links fixed.

## Testing
Formatting, clippy and nextest for the default, no-backend and
all-features builds, doc tests, rustdoc with warnings denied, the
advisory audit and the MSRV check pass locally on macOS; CI runs the
full matrix including musl.

Closes #138
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Support custom verbs after a path variable in google.api.http templates

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